- Yeah, you ready?
 - 106, hey, what's time is it?
 (bell dings)
 (upbeat music)
 ♪ The future is coming on ♪
 ♪ It's coming on ♪
 ♪ It's coming on ♪
 ♪ It's coming on ♪
 ♪ It's coming on ♪
 ♪ It's coming on ♪
 - And here we are coming on from Boulder Creek, California.
 Beautiful sunny day today.
 We have a house full of guests
 and you'll hear a noise in the background.
 It's probably the water pump dealing with the circulation
 and that little ship.
 - That weird hum that you haven't heard before.
 That's our house trying to get in on the accident.
 - That's right.
 - Yeah, but it won't last forever.
 Should've gone any second.
 - There it goes.
 Ah, hear the difference?
 That's quiet.
 - Whatever, leave.
 - So we got our science correspondent in San Francisco,
 Bobby Wilder on the line.
 How's it going? - Yeah.
 Glad to be with you today.
 - All right.
 - The sun is coming through some clouds right now.
 So yes, it's the first time I've seen sun.
 That's great.
 - All right.
 Well, our dear friend Gabriela is leaving today.
 She might drop. - Leaving California.
 - Today on our way to Alpha Centauri.
 We'll hear her all along.
 - We're gonna give her a wonderful send-off.
 We'll hear on the show. - She's gonna maybe do
 one story with us before she takes off.
 - Yes, we have to lure her in.
 All right, in the meantime, until that great moment.
 - In the meantime, there are a number of cool stories
 that I think are important that we look at this week.
 - Mm-hmm.
 - Including some of the new medical stuff
 that you sent in, Bobby.
 We'll get to that a little bit.
 - Hey, I don't hear you on Santa Cruz voice right now.
 - You don't hear us?
 Oh dear, thanks for mentioning that.
 - That's best way to plan.
 It just goes to show you, I am not a control type.
 I'm much more of a go-with-the-flow type.
 - Maybe I should be in charge of the controls then.
 - Well, we've been saying that for years, honey,
 but you keep trying to be free.
 - Voice it off on you.
 Control is not giving you control.
 - That's right, that's right.
 - What's wrong with me?
 - Well, I think you think in this case,
 it's like doing the dishes,
 it just shouldn't be your job.
 (laughing)
 Even though you could be good at it,
 if you really wanted to.
 - Yeah, yeah, I'm sure.
 - But I'll have to become extremely incompetent
 for you to feel like you should take it over.
 - Maybe we should let Bobby control everything.
 - Oh, yeah, we're talking.
 - We're most nervous, let's go.
 Hey, Bob, what do you think?
 You think you can control everything from where you are?
 - I love control.
 - You too!
 - Oh!
 - I didn't know that about you.
 - Really, you don't seem like the controller in tight.
 - You're always so assisting.
 - Yeah, I hear us helping others.
 - Yeah, it doesn't seem.
 What controls are you interested in, Bobby?
 - Well, that's why I got a roadcaster.
 (laughing)
 - Yeah, 'cause of the control factor?
 - You had to share the control board, huh?
 - Yeah, so.
 - Well, we do too, so we should be able to control.
 - I would call that self-control,
 and I think that's a positive trait.
 Everyone should value their own self-control.
 That's a fundamental aspect of living in a free world, right?
 - Yeah, decentralized control.
 - Yeah, but it's when you start needing to control others
 that I worry, because I don't wanna be one of those others,
 unless I volunteer, unless I give my consent.
 (laughing)
 - Yeah, well, that's it.
 We are a collaborative species.
 That's how we have actually succeeded as a species
 by our capacity to take orders from others.
 - Yeah, right.
 Oh, we got our peanut gallery chiming in already.
 - Yeah, what they saying?
 - Yeah, boy, Billy Sunshine said more today than we have.
 (laughing)
 - You think?
 Well, we have friends traveling around the road,
 or some friends in Ibiza who are visiting,
 not for the parties in Ibiza,
 but for their parents who we've had on the show.
 - Oh, well, their parents are very entertaining people.
 It's kind of a party in place when you go visit
 Andre's parents.
 Remember, we had her father on our show
 a number of years ago, and he was quite the jolly fellow.
 He played his harmonica.
 He had a huge smile.
 I mean, it practically blew the windows out of the room.
 It was like beyond ear to ear.
 (laughing)
 - It's a classical German grandpa.
 Very jovial.
 - Right, right, love to play music.
 Well, the show in the studio is being attended
 by a lot of the regular, irregulars, high folks.
 Where should we start?
 We outer space, inner space, in between space.
 - How about for a change?
 Let's start with inner space and go outwards.
 I know we usually go the other direction,
 but let's end in space this day.
 - You think?
 Okay, well, we'll see.
 Let's see, we'll try that.
 - Yeah, shake it up, baby.
 That's what I say.
 - Okay, well, how about the AI space?
 That's not inner or outer space?
 - That's pretty inner.
 No, I think AI is an invention of inner space.
 It's doing its best right now to hoover up the outer space,
 and internalize it.
 So it's kind of like the new black hole of information,
 is the AI's.
 - Okay, well, what I want to mention in that world
 is that another OpenAI researcher quit.
 - Oh yeah, that's a woman this time, right?
 - Yes.
 Yeah, another one left the company,
 which is being seen as somewhat ominous
 in the high tech journalism model.
 - Oh no, OpenAI is the Terminator.
 (laughs)
 - No, no, no, that's--
 - Sarah Connors has left the building.
 - That's too simplistic, my dear.
 - Okay.
 - You know, what's really going on, but yes,
 there's more ominous--
 - Well, tell us the details.
 - There's more ominousities,
 there are more ominousities than Terminator.
 - Uh-huh, really?
 - Oh, yeah, that's not the worst.
 - Uh-huh, okay, well--
 - All right, anyway, so--
 - My ears are open.
 - And opaque, it's a decision-making process.
 - Uh-huh.
 - And opaque decision-making process.
 - Oh, we can't see how the levers are being pulled.
 - Researcher Gretchen Kruger announced her departure
 that this wasn't an easy decision to make.
 And while the OpenAI didn't quite go into detail,
 I can't imagine why not,
 but the forces that quit,
 she did offer a quiptic warning
 to the lack of oversight within the AI industry
 and why that matters.
 She thinks the foundational things need to be addressed,
 like decision-making processes, accountability,
 transparency, documentation, policy enforcement,
 the care in which we use this technology.
 - I'd say those are issues for the modern world,
 and those are the issues upon which governments fall
 if they do not comply with the will of the people.
 - Well, she says these influence how the future
 is charted and by whom.
 - Well, it sounds like she's feeling excluded.
 - Well, she decided to quit.
 - So what, she's joining the Rebel Alliance or what?
 - Well, that's the thing.
 These are decisions made by one of the big AI industry players.
 They're not the only player.
 Anybody who leaves one big player
 and is really into it is probably going to another player.
 - Right.
 - So there is that too.
 - Absolutely.
 Are you tracking the career of Mr. Ilya Seskovic?
 - From OpenAI.
 Not really, no, I just know that he quit recently again.
 - Well, I thought he was the one
 that inspired everybody to jump ship with him when he quit.
 - Well, that was the original,
 a week or two ago.
 - Well, he also was sent to the controversy last year.
 - That's right, he was.
 - He's the brains of the company.
 He's the real AI guy.
 Right, the other guy is the marketer.
 He's the Steve Jobs.
 - That's right, that's right.
 - So the marketer is running off with the controls
 and is being accused by the AI developers
 of not being opaque and transparent enough.
 Same as it ever was.
 - Well, it's a turbulent moment in time.
 There's been a lot of recent scandals.
 Remember, just it was a couple of weeks ago
 that OpenAI allegedly copied actress Scarlett Johansson's
 voice without her permission.
 - Oh, yes, that's the evil guy who still left it,
 OpenAI Altman, who was the poster child
 for the scandal right at the beginning.
 - Right, right, right, yeah.
 And there was another of the companies previously
 unknown practice of pressuring exiting employees
 to sign strict non-disclosures and non-disparagement
 agreements.
 - Like you.
 - And if you, if you don't think us look bad.
 And if they didn't like you, they could claw back your equity,
 your vested equity.
 That was a big concern.
 - Sure.
 - Yeah.
 - And then there's the people who dismantled their
 super alignment safety team, which is of concern.
 What's going on?
 What are they trying to do?
 That's the big question.
 - Well, this is like a messy divorce, right?
 - Yeah, it went away from the people before you.
 - The AI are the children and the parents are fighting
 over the children and one of the parents is getting kicked out
 and the other one's trying to keep the house
 and all the money.
 - Yeah.
 (laughing)
 - Yeah, yeah, I can see it that way.
 So why is it that all these people, we're all part of the
 super alignment division.
 Why did they feel they were unable to do their job
 successfully ensuring the safety and security of open AI?
 - Well, that's what happens.
 Alignment is only possible if there is genuine agreement
 and agreement is only possible if there's genuine
 information flow and if somebody's trying to sneak
 something around the back door and not tell everybody
 how can you have alignment?
 - Now the relationships are all important.
 - Not just relationships.
 It goes deeper than relationship.
 It goes to genuine integrity and genuine keeping the
 original spirit alive of your intention to be of service
 to life and humanity and the planet and the civilization
 as it expands into the future.
 If people feel like you're not honoring those ideals,
 there needs to be a process.
 You can't just say, well, I'm gonna take my toys
 and go home and you're excluded.
 That's the old way, but that is not going to get us
 past the hump.
 We actually have to do the work to process whatever
 the disagreement is and come to a bigger vision that honors
 all voices being heard and a process that liberates
 the deeper truth.
 It's not just about who's in charge.
 It's not a power grab.
 When it comes to genuine forces of civilization,
 it's natural law, there's nobody in charge.
 There's only do you honor life or do you fail?
 - Yeah, I can see that.
 Those arguments, I guess they apply to whatever
 organization you're part of.
 - Yeah.
 - So her thread, Kruger's thread, ended with.
 One of the ways tech companies in general can
 disempower those seeking to hold them accountable
 is to sow division among those raising concerns
 or challenging their power.
 And she says, I care deeply about preventing this.
 - Okay, well, interesting how retiring from the fight
 somehow prevents this separation of powers.
 But it's interesting that America, the last 250 years,
 has been based on the separation of powers
 and the checks and balances and definitely institutionalizing
 the competitive edge and the fight for dominance.
 And that in itself, there are reasons to use competition
 to sort for excellence.
 But we're really entering a time where life is crying
 for cooperation.
 So we need to stop overusing the tools of manipulation
 and control and regain our skills at using the tools
 of understanding and compassion and collaboration,
 cooperation, these things that are holistic in nature
 rather than divisive in nature.
 - Yeah, I can't disagree.
 - I'm so glad you don't disagree.
 - Yeah, you know, we might have to arm wrestle
 about that if you did.
 - I know, I know.
 Yeah, well, it's hard to argue with you, Mrs. Future.
 I just, it's not in my nature.
 I don't know why.
 - Oh, well, just keep trying.
 - Just keep talking.
 Just keep trying.
 We have fun.
 We have fun trying.
 - Yeah.
 Okay, so one of the other stories I like to bring up
 this new longevity vitamin that you were cutting out
 to us all this week, Bobby.
 And I wanna play the one minute piece on it
 and then if you could discuss this a little bit.
 - I, dear Ergo Thieni, is known to cross the blood
 brain barrier since it can be found in human cerebral spinal
 fluid and postmortem brain samples.
 Perhaps this is why I study in Singapore
 found that those who consume more than two servings
 of mushrooms a week had less than half the odds
 of suffering from mild cognitive impairment
 compared to less than once a week.
 And a study more than 10,000 Japanese elders found
 that three or more times a week mushroom meters
 had a significantly lower risk of developing dementia
 over a period of about six years.
 With cross-sectional studies, correlate in mushroom consumption
 with better brain function, researchers decided
 to put it to the test using the lion's main mushroom,
 which is especially popular in traditional Chinese medicine,
 - One of my faves. - Randomized, double blind.
 Pasebo controlled trials on people with normal
 cognitive function, on people with mild cognitive impairment.
 And on those with early stage Alzheimer's disease did find
 small cognitive or functional improvements after months
 of a third to a full teaspoon of powdered lion's main mushroom
 a day compared to placebo.
 - There you go. - I have to say lion's main.
 I love to get fresh lion's main because when you cook
 with it, you can pull it apart and it makes these wonderful
 little feathery additions to your dish.
 It's just really fun to pull it apart and it looks like
 a little brain.
 So lion's main looks like a brain.
 (gasping)
 Fun to cook with.
 (dramatic music)
 I am going to give us a little visit with some of the people
 in Santa Cruz who love Santa Cruz voice.
 Hang tight, we'll be right back.
 The hook is California's first ever cannabis outlet.
 100% locally owned and operated,
 we're here to be your friendly neighborhood hookup.
 We believe that everyone should have access
 to fairly priced cannabis.
 So we work hard to get it to you for 30 to 50% less
 than the other guys.
 If you're 21 or older with a valid ID,
 visit us in Capitola or in Watsonville today.
 We're here to be your friendly neighborhood hookup.
 Check out our website hookoutlet.com
 for deals and stay groovy.
 The votes are in.
 Chef Ben here from Back9 Grill and Bar
 at the Easy Off past Tampa exit.
 We are so proud of our food and our service and your votes.
 Back9 has been voted Santa Cruz County's best burger
 and best happy hour in the good times.
 You've heard me talking about our house ground burgers.
 It's time for you to come and try one
 so you can taste the juicy difference
 and what makes our happy hour the best?
 You have to come and experience it yourself.
 See you at the nine.
 Hey Warren, you know it's been a while since I've been
 up to your showroom at Garden Center in Scotts Valley.
 Maybe the folks out there might wanna know where you are.
 Absolutely to find Knox Roofing
 and the Knox Garden Box Company just head up
 into beautiful Scotts Valley.
 We're off of Highway 17 with only two X's to choose from.
 We're at 46 El Pueblo Road next door
 to Scarborough Lumber and the beautiful nursery.
 We have a great showroom displaying all the many choices
 in roofing from tile, composition, steel,
 flat systems in many styles and now solar.
 And when it comes to wood items,
 we have it's all about wood gift shop.
 And of course the Knox Garden Box, what's a Knox Box?
 Lots to look at and while you're in Scotts Valley,
 check out the town.
 There's nice restaurants, breweries, wineries, shopping,
 hotels, farmers markets and the entrance
 to the beautiful redwoods.
 Okay folks, as always we appreciate all of you out there.
 We'd love to see you at Knox Roofing
 and the Knox Garden Box store
 and we can also come see you as well.
 Okay, thanks folks.
 (upbeat music)
 Okay, we're back.
 We're talking about Ergot Theonanine.
 Ergot Theonanine.
 Ergot Theonanine.
 Yeah.
 Okay, so Ergot has Greg's pointed out,
 LSD is derived from Ergot fungus.
 Oh. It is.
 But not so lisiben.
 That's a totally different derivation.
 Ergot, I think it was first discovered on rye,
 unmold on rye.
 It's found in the ground.
 It's a fungus.
 Among us.
 In other words, it's not found inside the body
 and we have to get it from external sources.
 Oh, I see.
 If we don't eat it, we won't know about it, huh?
 That's right.
 And it turns out the biggest sources seem to be mushrooms
 and especially the gray oyster mushroom,
 blue oyster shiitake is another one
 and then lion's mane is another one.
 No kidding.
 Mushrooms, huh?
 All right.
 Yeah.
 So what kind of longevity effects do they have?
 What kind of longevity effects are these tested for?
 What they do is they actually,
 there's glutathione, which is very similar
 to this ergot thionine.
 And it comes in in the fourth stage in your mitochondria
 produce the ATP in your mitochondria.
 There's four different stages of oxygen
 that produce this energy and then the fourth stage
 it produces energy.
 So there's two interesting points here
 that if you introduce ergot thionine by eating it
 and it eventually gets in your bloodstream,
 eventually it gets into the cell,
 it actually completes this ATP cycle.
 So this is very important to have energy.
 It's part of the rub cycle,
 the ATP adenosine triphosphate cycle.
 That's exactly it.
 Biological energy production.
 Yeah, exactly.
 That is it.
 So there's different stages of that.
 And so this ergot thionine comes in at the last stage.
 And what's interesting is methylene blue comes in
 exactly at this point too.
 So if you don't have the ergot thionine,
 you can use methylene blue instead.
 Instead, really.
 And the other interesting thing is
 there was one report that if you took lactobacillus rotary
 it also produces this ergot thionine.
 And so there's a couple processes you can do
 to have this similar effect.
 But the most natural effect is using ergot eating mushrooms.
 And a combination of them.
 Yes, and the combination,
 and different mushrooms had different effects.
 It could some of those.
 I think.
 Oh, bandwidth.
 So what's the latest on mushroom longevity?
 And why are they in the news this week?
 Ergot thionine does have an effect
 and can get into the cells and can extend lifespan.
 The first person to report on this was Dr. Bruce Ames
 out of UC Berkeley.
 He reported this a couple years ago,
 but now other longevity experts are picking up
 on the same aspect.
 And he's the one that cloned this longevity vitamins.
 He has coined that term.
 And he's saying that this ergot thionine is in this group
 of what he calls longevity vitamins.
 Of course, essential proteins that we need to extend our lifespan.
 Do they affect the telomere like?
 This more has to do with energy and lifespan
 as opposed to a genetic component.
 Okay.
 And the way in which it moves energy.
 Yeah.
 It really has to do with giving,
 there's two areas of research.
 There's the genetic research on telomeres.
 And yes, it's good to have longer telomeres
 and you will live longer with that.
 But in order to have energy during that time,
 you have to have your mitochondria working.
 So another group of people are working on the mitochondria
 aspect and claiming that's the most important part
 of longevity.
 And this is more like that, right?
 This is more.
 That's correct.
 The chondria, dentacy and chryphosphate, Krebs cycle.
 And actually as you generate,
 how sugar affects the system as well?
 Yeah, I would say, I guess it does help
 in generating sugars, but more or less,
 this is actually getting oxygen into the mitochondria
 and getting it to complete the Krebs cycle
 and producing ATP in the end.
 And that's how we get our energy out of the cells.
 Oxygen into the mitochondria.
 And there's another theory.
 It's actually at the end of the cycle,
 you're actually getting a hydrogen ion,
 which is the center part of the proton.
 And it actually ejects out of the mitochondria
 and into the cell.
 And that gives it this positive charge.
 And that's what gives energy to the whole process.
 So it's all about hydrogen.
 So there's other people taking hydrogen water
 and claim that that gives them more energy.
 Yeah, yeah, I've played with that.
 Yeah, yeah, that's a micro spectrum.
 Micro spectrum?
 Yeah, yeah, that's what Gabby's--
 Gabby's spectrum.
 --micros spectrum is right.
 That would be--
 an ideal for this sort of longevity.
 It's absolutely true because she selects
 many of these top mushrooms and they're in her blend.
 And we hear all these--
 Anic doodle.
 He has experiences by people that take the micro spectrum
 and they claim they have a lot more energy.
 You can actually see which mushrooms that she's using them.
 And I accredit that to that.
 Yeah.
 Seems like it was one of the simplest things to do
 to increase your longevity is the right combination
 of mycelial compounds as an additive.
 Yeah.
 I think they were--
 Gabby's uses is adaptogen.
 Adaptogen.
 Yes.
 In Europe, especially like Italy,
 they eat three times more mushrooms than Americans do.
 And they claim that they have a lot more energy
 and can live longer.
 One of the blue zones is not Sicily,
 but one of the islands along the coast of Italy there.
 Of course it can.
 It starts with an S.
 I want to say Sardinia.
 There you go.
 Sardinia.
 Yes, it's Sardinia.
 You got it.
 What's interesting-- yes, they do eat mushrooms there.
 They also have a special kind of yogurt.
 So I think the Lelepobisillus rotary is in that yogurt.
 So they're getting ergo-theanine through different sources
 there.
 They have a high rate of centenarians, like abnormal amount.
 And so it's one of the seven blues--
 In the house.
 How well can those centenarians function?
 Are they cognitively present?
 Are they vital in their bodies?
 Yes, they are.
 They still go to work, even though--
 or work in the fields or make in their gardens or whatever--
 well, after 100 years of age.
 Yeah, well, that'll keep you young, for sure.
 Yeah, exactly.
 But anyway, yeah, they're saying that in the United States,
 we don't eat enough mushrooms and that we should eat more
 mushrooms, but at least three times a week.
 Yeah, well, I've got some great mushroom soup recipes.
 I try and bring in every now and then.
 Oh, great.
 Yeah, you're those recipes.
 Yeah.
 Yeah.
 The Hungarian mushroom soup.
 That's right.
 Yeah, that's-- you got to keep your stash of smoked paprika
 available.
 It just is magic.
 Goes great with mushrooms.
 Yeah, it's really something else.
 We liked that particular soup so much that--
 When it shows up in the supermarket, we just grab it.
 Yeah, and if it doesn't show up in the supermarket,
 we just make it.
 I would say you can call us Michael Files,
 because we love mushrooms.
 We have a person in the house who has actually
 created an adaptogenic blend that has an effect on longevity.
 I wanted to have her say something about that blend
 and why it's important.
 Gabby, welcome to the show.
 Hi.
 Hi.
 Hi.
 Hi.
 All right, welcome back, Bobby.
 Welcome back, Gabby.
 Hey, everybody.
 Hey, Gabby.
 Yeah, Gabby's here.
 Yeah, we're going to talk about the adaptogenic blend,
 but first, let's mention that she had a chance
 to see Bobby in person on this trip down at his place
 and had a great tourist in San Francisco.
 Yes, Bobby and his partner, Katia, have a beautiful home
 and welcomed us for a couple of days.
 We had a lovely time.
 Most listeners don't know this, but Bobby
 is a master of the kitchen.
 He loves cooking, and he's so good at it.
 And he prepared--
 Really?
 I didn't realize that.
 Oh, thank you.
 He prepared some amazing meals for us.
 Well, good.
 Yeah, and their home is just so warm and lovely
 and just-- it was really wonderful to spend some time
 with the both of them.
 It wasn't enough time, so hopefully in the future,
 there will be more time.
 Yeah.
 Bobby's in a part of San Francisco.
 You have this incredible view.
 One of the--
 Oh, yeah.
 It's like a 200 degree or more view of everything.
 You can see the water and the bridges.
 Yeah, everything.
 It's garden, beautiful garden.
 Yeah, beautiful.
 Yeah, the gardens and--
 Katia and Bobby are like the best gardeners.
 You could just sit out there all day long.
 Look at the flowers and the birds and not do anything else.
 Very easy to do.
 That sounds beautiful, probably.
 You know, I've never been in your place, Bobby.
 We have to visit something.
 Yeah, you have to stop by.
 We have usually a tenant that's living downstairs,
 but he had just moved out and we've been showing it.
 And in the interim, you know, we allowed Gabby
 and the idea to stay down there.
 So it's a nice studio place.
 We're going to have a new tenant in the middle of June.
 But if you guys come up before then,
 you're allowed to stay down there.
 Oh, you should.
 You should.
 And you should tour Golden Gate Park
 and get that little park pass for the day,
 because everything is blooming there.
 If you're into that kind of thing,
 I would recommend all listeners to go and do that.
 In addition to the beautiful wild flowers that are everywhere,
 especially when we went to Point Lobos a couple weeks ago,
 the flowers in Golden Gate Park were just outrageous.
 This week, all of the road of Dendron
 will start blooming this week and next week.
 And that's very special.
 Yeah, gorgeous time of year.
 So we were just talking about the latest stories
 coming in an ergo thionine supplement
 that's been discovered to improve mitochondrial function.
 Mushrooms are a part of that.
 I'm just wondering if you're making your adaptogenic blend.
 Is this new information for you,
 or is this something that you've considered?
 There's so much research happening
 with adaptogenic mushrooms.
 This isn't surprising to me.
 This was not a focal point of my decision
 to create my adaptogenic blend.
 It was more of a spectrum.
 The product is called Myco spectrum.
 Because I incorporated 14 different adaptogenic medicinal
 mushrooms that really are targeted.
 Some of them are all encompassing of wellness.
 Others are more targeted, like lion's mane.
 And we know it's good for cognition.
 We know that Cordyceps helps with energy production.
 So yeah, I am not surprised that the white oyster mushroom,
 in this case, helps with cognitive health overall.
 And I think they all do.
 So it's nice to see studies that confirm this.
 But in my opinion, from what I've seen in myself
 and from those who are using Myco spectrum,
 is that it's got an all-encompassing array of benefits.
 You have a particular goal in mind
 in creating that blend of Fortettes.
 A lot of ingredients.
 It's 14 different, yeah, 2,000 milligrams in just two teaspoons.
 It's quite powerful.
 It works well with coffee in the morning.
 It works really well.
 Some of our friends really enjoy mixing Myco spectrum
 with their morning coffee.
 I mean, talk about alert.
 It just--
 Yeah, your body just really wakes up to this.
 It's amazing.
 And in terms of my health and wellness overall
 and those who are taking it, I can't make health claims,
 except to say that my experience and the experience
 of others has been astoundingly positive.
 We are not getting sick the way that we
 used to seasonally and all of these things.
 In the past that we could look forward to,
 you know, multiple times throughout the year,
 picking up a cold here and there, colds, flues.
 I don't get these things anymore.
 I don't understand.
 That seems to be true here too.
 I'm good, funny.
 Creativity, energy, alert without feeling.
 You know, even if you take the mushrooms without caffeine,
 they still give you this alive, awake kind of feeling.
 Adaptogens, what mushrooms do-- and this is all mushrooms.
 All mushrooms, not just my product, which is amazing
 because it has so many of these mushrooms.
 But any mushrooms are going to have amazing benefits
 because they've got beta-glucans, which
 are these polysaccharides.
 They are so great for your immune system.
 I can't say enough about it.
 They'll up-regulate.
 They'll down-regulate.
 They adapt to the needs of your body
 in addition to reducing intracellular stress.
 So when we talk about antioxidants,
 they are some of the most powerful antioxidants.
 They're just remarkable.
 Everybody should be eating or taking mushrooms.
 And this mushroom powder--
 Tablespoon, three times.
 One tablespoon, right.
 So just in my product alone, if you just
 took two teaspoons of it a day, you could do less than that,
 one and a half.
 This is a cumulative thing that is safe for even children
 to take.
 Few, if any, people are really allergic,
 have any kind of negative response to mushrooms.
 You think they can be a preventative approach to health?
 Like, for example, if you know you're
 going to be pre-diabetic or something like that.
 Mushrooms, yes.
 Mushrooms will help to regulate all of these systems.
 These should be an incorporated part of our daily diets.
 This should be as ubiquitous as drinking your water,
 in my opinion, because this is real food medicine that's
 available to us.
 And don't forget to cook your mushrooms, by the way.
 They need to be steam processed a little bit,
 which might go spectrum as right out of the package.
 In a powdered form is already completely bioavailable,
 because our mushrooms are steam processed.
 They're grown here in the US organically,
 and they're third party tested.
 Don't have any starches or fillers, as many products do.
 Yeah, remember, you're sourcing these.
 It seems like it's a bit of a challenge
 to get good solid source for all 14 ones.
 It comes to--
 Yeah, it's impossible.
 Some of the mushrooms that I have
 are only grown in the Pacific Northwest.
 They don't come from anywhere else.
 And the company that I'm using is
 working with people like Paul Stamets
 to get these strange--
 the Suhiro Take, the Agaracon is actually
 the one I'm talking about.
 So Agaracon-- like, good luck finding Agaracon.
 You know, by itself.
 And Agaracon is an amazing mushroom
 that only grows in this one place in the world so far
 that they've been able to find.
 So the company I'm using cultivates this mushroom
 of mycelia.
 What it's like to eat, or do they have particular function?
 It does.
 They contain these powerful beta-glucans.
 Beta-glucans.
 Right.
 Yeah, one, three, and one, six beta-glucan.
 Just extremely powerful, powerful antioxidants.
 They're polysaccharides.
 So these are complex sugars that
 act to help the health of your cells.
 This is like a total body thing.
 This is from head to toe, total health.
 Now, can you combine them with a smoothie?
 You can combine them with anything you want to.
 And that's a good thing.
 Don't have just about be coffee.
 It can be smoothies.
 It can be anything.
 Sure, at home, that's what I do.
 I'll add some collagen powder with some whey protein.
 Even though I'm adverse to dairy, for the most part,
 the whey protein, my body seems to handle it very well.
 So I'll do that with maybe a tablespoon of mycose spectrum
 and some other ingredients.
 I'll add maybe a banana and some berries, usually berries.
 But usually, I try to keep the sugar low.
 So I really love raspberries, blueberries, even cherries.
 And I'll get them frozen because they're flash frozen.
 I don't have to worry about whether something's
 going to go bad or something like that.
 I can just pull them out at any time of year
 and get these this great fresh smoothie.
 I have another friend who mixes it in with his peanut butter.
 Oh, yeah.
 Yeah, it's amazing.
 You could mix it into your dinner.
 You could be preparing dinner for your family and mix it in.
 Nobody would ever know.
 Because it will take on the taste of whatever
 is kind of around it.
 It's amazing.
 Yeah, it's insoluble fiber though.
 So it is nice to put it into something
 where it's going to either remain in suspension through an oil,
 like MCT oil or butter.
 Even some people like to make their bulletproof coffee
 with butter.
 Any kind of fat that will hold this insoluble fiber
 is quite a lot of fiber.
 Mushrooms, they're solid.
 They won't dissolve easily.
 It seems like mushrooms have been around since the dawn
 of civilization.
 They have.
 And we've known about things like ergot.
 We suspect that part of the reason why people were having
 psychosis during the Salem witch trials and things like that
 were because they were hallucinating from this rye
 bread that had grown this fungus on it.
 So yeah, we know about this.
 All of our antibiotics came from the fungal world.
 Nearly all of them, a penicillin.
 Certainly these are fun guses.
 Fun gi.
 Fun gi.
 Yeah.
 Our natural world.
 I think as we began to realize that people are into healing
 from their natural environment, this has always existed,
 but people seem to be much more tuned into that now.
 In my business, I started creating targeted wellness tees
 several years ago.
 And I was on the mushroom kick because I knew that there
 was something with that.
 We're all probably very familiar with psychedelic mushrooms
 with psilocybin.
 Oh yeah, that's common knowledge for most of us.
 Yeah, exactly.
 So we had already had an introduction to the kind of
 mystery of fungi.
 And we, I think, people like us and other people who are
 health conscious, that this was a natural progression because
 these mycelial networks that where we are seeing the fruiting
 body of a mushroom only appears under very specific conditions.
 But the mycelial network that is literally the thread of every
 living thing coming out of the ground, this is my
 celia.
 This is like the neural network of the earth is existing on the
 ground and it's helping to transmit information and nutrients
 to all of the plant life around us.
 So it just seems like a natural progression for us to look to
 this world as a potential healer, which it is.
 Yeah, it's something that seems to be coming more in the common
 knowledge as we go forward here.
 And I'm impressed about how many kinds of mushrooms there are
 and how useful they are in so many different ways.
 So many ways.
 And that's the beauty.
 I love seeing these studies that are looking at these very
 targeted ways that mushrooms are helping.
 And I suspect that if you think of a way that a mushroom might be
 able to help and then you investigate it, that the mushroom
 is definitely going to help because this is just the nature
 of them.
 We're going to be shocked and amazed every time we go to study
 a mushroom or a fungus.
 Well, I wonder, for example, if they could be configured so that
 like you see in the cannabis world now, combinations to wake you
 up, other combinations to help you sleep?
 We do.
 We know that turkey, tail, mushroom in particular is good for
 destroying a certain kind of cancer and many cancers.
 So yes, this is already happening where people are
 formulating blends that are for energy production.
 When you want energy, you might have a large amount of
 cordyceps mushrooms in that blend.
 Or if you're looking for something to help your cognition, you
 might look for something that is lion's main dominant.
 So we can kind of stack these things in order to get the
 results that we want, which is why I wanted to create an all
 encompassing product in Myco spectrum.
 Yes, well, boggles my mind is how you figure out how to get
 14 different things to work synergistically together.
 And each one of them is a profound mixture of compounds to
 begin with.
 It's wow.
 I actually tell people to take Myco spectrum for a week
 solid or two week solid and then go off of it and then go back
 on it.
 Yeah.
 And you really see the difference there.
 Mycospectrum.com.
 Yeah.
 How do you spell that now?
 M-Y-C-O-S-P-E-C-T-R-U-M or boardwalkbeens.com.
 That's right.
 That's the coffee company you have.
 That's the coffee company.
 That's our big guy, Brandon, which you guys got to enjoy for
 the past three weeks.
 I shipped out an enormous amount of coffee.
 Thank you so much.
 Yeah.
 Thank you.
 Yeah.
 All right.
 Well, we'll talk to you again soon.
 OK.
 OK.
 Lots of luck.
 Thank you.
 Bye.
 Bye.
 Thank you, Gab.
 All right.
 We'll be back after some news and views from Santa Cruz in
 future now.
 Taking a break.
 OK.
 Welcome back to the show.
 Welcome back, Mrs. Future.
 Glad to be here.
 Glad our signal is actually working.
 Yeah.
 And welcome back, Bobby.
 Yeah.
 I guess we're working.
 Yeah, we are.
 The bandwidth has been kind of crazy today.
 But hey, you know, it's all be fixed in post.
 That's right.
 It's fixed in post.
 That's our job.
 Glad we had a chance to get Gab's on briefly before she
 takes off for the East Coast.
 That was good.
 And I'd really want to get some
 a little space news now, if I'm excited about this new dream
 chaser plane that's coming out.
 Oh, yeah.
 It's like a mini space shuttle that actually takes off
 on a rocket and lands on a runway.
 Yeah.
 It's a $1.4 billion plane.
 It'll take cargo and humans into orbit
 after passing some final tests.
 It will be kind of like the dragon or the Boeing star liner
 and being able to take crews to the space station
 and into lower Earth orbit and prepare us for our transfer
 to lunar orbit and exploration of the moon,
 which will be the next step with this technology.
 And it's the first commercial space plane
 to finally lift off this year.
 The Sierra Space's dream chaser.
 It will be initially going to the ISS.
 They're going to send it up with 7,800 pounds of cargo.
 That's 3,540 kilograms.
 Though the first flight will be unmanned,
 it will carry people soon thereafter once it's proven to be successful.
 I know this is part of a program that Boeing and SpaceX
 and Sierra Space were part of a decade ago
 when NASA was looking at collaborating with private industry to develop space.
 So far, SpaceX has been the only one to have one of their private craft
 actually carry astronauts.
 The star liner from Boeing is supposed to be doing it as literally as next week.
 We'll see.
 And they're having some problems with it taking off.
 But Sierra's probably be up by October.
 Who's launching Sierra's probe?
 Or who's launching this dream catcher?
 I don't know which rocket it's going to go up on.
 That's really interesting.
 Because this space plane, it looks kind of like a plane,
 but it actually is the same part of the rocket as say like the crew dragon.
 And the intention is for it to get launched and then to go to the ISS.
 Right?
 Yeah.
 Yeah, look at the ISS.
 Sometime later this year.
 And it's cool plane.
 And it has retractable wings so that they're planning for it to fly back when they're done.
 Yeah, that's a little different from the spot of shuttle.
 The shuttle didn't have foldable wings.
 Yeah, you know, I'm talking about the dream.
 Chaser.
 Chaser.
 Chaser.
 Yeah, space.
 Chaser.
 Chaser.
 Yeah.
 Chasing dream.
 It's really a sexy looking plane.
 It's a miniature space shuttle.
 Yeah.
 Yeah.
 Yeah.
 Yeah.
 I guess it can fly back or glide back down.
 Looks like the shape of it.
 That's the idea.
 They can use all those runways that they had done for the shuttle.
 They'll be able to use them for the dream chaser.
 And right now it just completed some rigorous tests at NASA's Neil Armstrong Test Facility in
 San Dusky, Ohio.
 Those tests include intense vibration and shock tests that sort of like simulate the
 conditions of launch and extreme temperatures that are typical of space.
 They're going to be exposing it to all those things.
 They did.
 They did.
 And apparently it's past those tests.
 It's next stop will be shipped to the Kennedy Space Center in Florida
 before it gets launched to the ISS.
 Now that's what's going on now.
 No specific date yet has been revealed.
 Pretty cool, huh?
 Yeah.
 Great.
 So can it only handle two astronauts at a time?
 That's why it's smaller?
 Yeah.
 I don't know.
 I would think they would probably want to carry at least four.
 Yeah.
 I think we have to get an article on the details of the dream chaser.
 See if you can pull something up like that maybe we'll find out.
 Let's take a look at it.
 Let's see what you can find.
 I bet it'll carry at least four people.
 Because that's what the other guys are doing in their capsules.
 They could only handle two people.
 I'd be less inclined to fund it if I were NASA, you know?
 Hey Siri, how many people can fit in the dream chaser space plane?
 The originally planned dream chaser space system is a human rated version designed to
 carry from three to seven people and cargo to orbital destinations such as the international
 space station.
 There you go.
 Seven people max.
 [SOUND]
 SpaceX is setting the date for the next Starship flight.
 [SOUND]
 It's a highly anticipated flight is the fourth one in the Starship program.
 The idea is to bring the Starship into operational readiness and get it ready so that it can fully
 function. They're going to demonstrate its ability of the first stage to make a soft landing.
 You know how the smaller Falcon 9s are all landing their boosters.
 Very nicely, very beautiful thing.
 Well they're going to try to do that with the super heavy booster.
 And the Starship upper stage is going to make a controlled reentry through the
 Earth's atmosphere.
 I had falled into the Indian Ocean.
 At least that's the hope on this one.
 It will also carry no payloads.
 No payloads for the next one going up.
 They're going to be looking at mostly just about flight data.
 They're going to be analyzing its actual performance.
 It's the largest and most powerful rocket ever built.
 And it's the first launch system ever intended to be fully and rapidly reusable.
 That's what makes space affordable.
 That reusable factor.
 That reusable factor.
 We can't just flush the rockets down the toilet anymore.
 No, no more.
 We have to spend our tax dollars on other things.
 That's right.
 Right.
 They of course have studied what happened, what went wrong with flight three.
 They dissected flight three to just give you a recap on that.
 After the stage separation between the booster and the Starship.
 13 of the 33 engines successfully relit to make a controlled flight through the lower atmosphere.
 The boost back burned, however, was not so successful.
 Six of those engines shut down early.
 And later in the descent is the rocket near the sea.
 It was supposed to use those 13 engines to make the final landing burn, which it couldn't do.
 They shut down early and the boost back burn, they were disabled, leaving seven engines not working.
 Only two.
 Actually, we're successfully igniting.
 So the booster had lower than expected landing burn thrust and it lost control at about
 462 meters above the Gulf.
 About seven minutes into the mission.
 Now if you were watching that, you could see it glowing.
 It was my favorite test flight so far because that red plasma burn as it reentered the atmosphere.
 It was fascinating.
 Fascinating, beautiful and sad in a way too because it actually burned up.
 But the cause of the failure, however, was traced to a blockage in a filter where liquid oxygen flows
 into the Raptor engines.
 And they had a similar problem that occurred in the previous flight.
 The second test flight of the Starship in November of 23, they had made some hardware changes to
 address it.
 Apparently it wasn't enough so they're going to further modify it for this next flight.
 And they hope to improve the propellant filtration capabilities.
 As far as the upper stage, it had lost the ability to control its attitude during its
 coast phase in space.
 Now, why would you lose control of your attitude?
 You get angry now.
 You've attitude me to what direction you're pointing.
 Yeah, it was found to be due to clogged valves.
 Valves once again.
 Valves always seem to be a problem.
 Yes, reaction control thrusters on the upper stage.
 They note that SpaceX has since added additional role control thrusters on upcoming Starships.
 But they have not been clear whether or not those have been implemented on this flight.
 Right.
 Yeah, it makes sense that they are going to control which direction the rocket is pointing
 and have a few redundant systems for that.
 Right.
 Because if they are testing the thrusters and they want those thrusters both to re-enter
 the orbit in the right place and to be available when they do the soft landing,
 they have to be able to point the rocket in the right direction, especially if something's going
 wrong.
 Especially, yeah.
 So this lack of attitude control caused non-nominal re-entry they called.
 Non-nominal means not what we're expecting.
 Nominal leg, how much it costs to do this right?
 Right.
 Because if they can fix these technical issues that were observed on Flight 3,
 the filter blockages, the attitude control on the coasting phase and managing the re-entry
 from our velocity, if they can get all those issues they can go on to the more advanced test,
 are those you might ask?
 Well, those include landing the super heavy booster back on the launch pad in Texas.
 Yeah, right now they still have to launch it on a raft in the ocean.
 Or catch it in the ocean.
 Right, catch it.
 I don't know if they have an actual floating craft that can capture the heavy booster yet.
 It's going to be a lot bigger than the other one.
 So they're going to catch it, you mean they have a catcher arm?
 I think they plan to have these chopsticks.
 Yeah.
 Right.
 You've seen that?
 Yeah, it's like having a net, catching a bird with a net.
 They have giant chopsticks that grab it as the rocket comes down and hold on to it.
 It's like, "Okay, I got my arms jump, jump, I'll catch you."
 Yes.
 Just land near me so I can get you.
 That's right.
 Over here, it's like a fireman and the rocket is like jumping out of a burning building.
 It's fascinating article.
 If you're getting to it, it's an arse technical and it's got a lot of comments
 from all the geeks out there that really want to analyze every one of these problems in great
 depth and they all have wonderful questions about tanks and locks and pumping things and
 filters and inert gases and dry ice and all the things that require the rockets to work properly.
 They also point out that valves often fail in rockets.
 As they do in people too and valves, they call them the devil's bargain in rocketry because
 you absolutely need them and they actually make it work but they also cause the rocket to blow up.
 Because they might clog, right?
 They clog. Yeah, clogged valves can be the end of it all.
 Well, and that is what caused them to have to blow the rocket up on the last test.
 Yeah, valves.
 Test number three.
 Valve job.
 Yeah.
 Dirty oxygen fuel getting stuck on the filter.
 That's right.
 Something like that.
 So that's the flight for.
 They're targeting June 5th.
 June 5th.
 Okay.
 Week away.
 Yeah, that's coming up.
 Beyond hydrogen.
 You know what's beyond hydrogen?
 Hydrogen is the simplest element in the universe.
 That got my attention.
 So it's a discovery of a tiny new atom called Tionium.
 Like in Dow?
 Dow-onium I guess maybe with massive implications.
 It's spelled Dow.
 I know it's one of the-
 T-A-U.
 Right?
 It's one of the quark states, Dow.
 And so this is like an ion of that quark.
 So it's Dow-on.
 And I'm not sure chemically what ion means, but it's Dow-onium.
 Dow-onium.
 Dow-onium.
 Right?
 So we have an ionic quark.
 Is the new element that is fascinating the physicists.
 Yes.
 Then what's enigmatic is that this first sentence that describes it says,
 "Recent discoveries in quantum physics have revealed simpler atomic structures
 than hydrogen."
 "S simpler atomic structures."
 No proton it sounds like.
 Right?
 " Evolving pure electromagnetic interactions between particles like electrons and their antiparticles."
 I see.
 So it's not a proton, it's an anti-electron.
 Oh these physicists what they won't do to find a new frontier.
 Denonia.
 Yeah hydrogen atom used to be considered the simplest atom in nature.
 The building block.
 Right?
 The fundamental building block.
 90% of all known things in the universe that we've discovered so far are made of hydrogen.
 And then 9% is fused hydrogen aka helium.
 So only 1% is everything else.
 So hey hydrogen, a structural electron and a structured proton.
 Oh there is a proton.
 Well that was hydrogen, a structural electron and a structured proton.
 But as research progressed the scientists discovered a simpler type of atom of a
 structural electron, a muons or dowons and they're equally structuralist antiparticles.
 Okay so we've changed the model because really all of these things are below the threshold
 for us to actually see the thing itself.
 We can only see the effects.
 In terms of understanding of our tools to see what's happening with the light when we
 get into a reference pattern.
 That's how quantum physicists are studying the structure of atoms.
 Well they want to know how these atoms are bound together.
 What's holding them together.
 Right.
 And what they've been finding is that there seem to be electromagnetic interactions.
 So there's a magnet involved?
 So only electromagnetic interactions, simpler structures than hydrogen atoms.
 That's fundamental symmetry and gravity.
 Dallonium.
 Why do they need to redefine?
 They have pure electromagnetic interactions, pure electromagnetic.
 The electron-positron bound state and the electron-antimuon bound state.
 There's been no other signs of other atoms with pure electromagnetic interactions.
 Dallonium, which consists of a Dallon TAUON and its antiparticle,
 are what's being looked at here.
 This implies that Dallonium can test the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics
 and quantum electrodynamics at smaller scales.
 And this ostensibly provides us with a tool for exploring the mysteries of that micro world.
 It has implications for the fundamental physics.
 You don't get much more fundamental in physics than protons and electrons and muons.
 Well, apparently the measurement, the precision measurement of Dallepton mass
 can be improved to an unprecedented level of what they call one KEV,
 one KEV, or two orders of mine is higher than the highest precision achieved by other experiments.
 Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, we're going into the microverse.
 More precise testing, more precise testing in the standard model.
 Okay.
 Yeah.
 Yeah.
 It's a great new word.
 So this is an element that doesn't have a proton or neutron in the center.
 Yeah.
 And it's lighter, much, much lighter than hydrogen, but it's considered an element.
 Yeah, it sounds like a free radical version of hydrogen.
 It's a radical hydrogen, yes.
 Yeah, you wonder, are these, what is the half-life of these particles?
 Or are they even considered particles?
 Well, you know-
 You're electromagnetic, sir.
 They-
 Well, maybe it's part of light because light is a photon, but when it hits, you don't see
 rays of light going through the universe.
 Only when they hit an object do they release a photo electron and it becomes a particle.
 You can see it at that point.
 So maybe these things are flying through space and we just don't have a way to capture them.
 It really changes your idea about what the fundamental structure is.
 Space empty or full.
 Maybe if it's invisible, it's still full.
 We just don't get a chance to experience it until there's an interaction.
 So everything that we experience is just this tiny micro subset of all that is.
 And it's just the stuff that actually interacted with itself.
 And everything out there is still there.
 It's just invisible.
 Well, these are being studied at the Super Dao Charm Facility in China.
 And the Super Charm Dao Factory in Russia.
 Well, I guess people are picking different quirks to specialize in.
 Quarks are different directions of the spin of the hydrogen molecule.
 Charm Dao.
 In leptons, there's dozens of these subatomic particles that make up either an electron or
 make up a proton.
 But they're just different classifications of spin.
 And it's a pure electromagnetic interaction is key to these.
 They're pure electromagnetic because there are other hydrogen has something else going on
 besides pure electromagnetic.
 Yeah, I wonder maybe there's no collision involved.
 Maybe they're just hitting them with energy.
 So we're going into a frequency experiment instead of an impact interference pattern experiment.
 Yeah, if it's pure frequency, then in electromagnetic,
 maybe there's a chance that that is closer to how our thoughts can affect matter.
 Ah, the big question we really want to know.
 How can we get the world to obey our thoughts?
 Yes, the most sensitive measurement, in the sense that the instruments that would be possible
 by working with the tiny new atom, Talonium, would allow us to.
 Talonium?
 Talonium.
 Maybe even read thoughts.
 Let me interesting.
 Very interesting.
 All right, well, shall we ponder that while we listen to some Santa Cruz voices?
 Okay, I'm pondering.
 Go for it.
 All right, we'll be back in a flash.
 Just a moe.
 Here we go.
 My friend Beth was spending around $70 a month, $70 bucks on prescription drugs.
 She went online and saved a bunch and with the extra money every month,
 bathy-bye supplies to expand her business.
 90% of all prescriptions are covered.
 Check for yours at monthlyfearx.com.
 Never again, overpay for your meds.
 Monthlyfearx.com.
 Get all your meds for one small monthly fee, rx.com.
 Treehouse dispenses not only the finest cannabis products,
 but information to those who want to know how to use cannabis for maximum benefit.
 Hello, I'm Jenna.
 If you would like to know how best to use cannabis,
 ask your friends and neighbors at Treehouse Dispensary.
 3651 SoCal Drive.
 If you're 21 plus with a valid ID, no appointment is necessary and the information is free.
 Order online at ourtreehouse.io and pick up at our drive-through.
 See you soon.
 When your business is on the move, you must find the right place for it to move.
 That's asked Matt Chilton, General Manager of JR Parish, the big question.
 What is the right place to move one's business?
 Location, location, location.
 Sometimes it's rent.
 Sometimes it's the fact that there aren't that many buildings available to suit you.
 But mostly it's location of your customers, location of the principals,
 location of your employees.
 Move it to the right place with the help of the power brokers at JR Parish
 in Santa Cruz.
 When you need help managing your estate, call on the angel.
 Hello, I am attorney Angel Hess and I am ready to help.
 Whether you need a will or a trust, a guardianship or a conservatorship,
 or if you are managing the financial affairs of a loved one,
 I will help you with over seven years' experience working in estate planning and probate fields.
 When you need help, call on the angel, attorney Angel L Hess at Santa Cruz Legal dot net.
 Okay, welcome back to the show.
 This next try, thanks to Hal Myers, turn me on to this.
 US Tech has turned dandelion weed into high performance rubber tires.
 Dandelion weeds.
 Hey, we do have plenty of those, don't we?
 Yes, pioneering methods boost US rubber production through innovative TK dandelion and
 Guayule shrub latex extraction.
 We are experiencing a primary natural rubber shortage right now.
 Due to disease in Southeast Asian markets.
 And so new approaches are being used to replace rubber.
 They were a synthetic rubber.
 That was a big deal in World War II, I believe.
 I've always been looking for rubber substitutes.
 So now they're trying to extract latex from two North American plant sources.
 The dandelion and the Guayule shrub, G-U-A-Y-U-L-E,
 are getting some success with this.
 Researchers of Ohio State University, led by Katrina Cornish,
 and they're trying to increase the latex yield from dandelion and the Guayale shrub.
 This could be a big deal if it's actually successful.
 The Guayule latex extraction involves grinding the shrub's bark to release latex particles into a
 milkshake.
 Then you add flocculants.
 We have washing cycles to enhance the overall latex from the plant.
 And you get a stronger, softer polymers that are very valuable properties in creating rubber.
 The dandelion latex is mostly extracted from the roots of the dandelion.
 Nathaniel King Smith, a graduate student, discovered that adding what's called EDTA to the extraction
 process significantly increased the latex yield, which allowed immediate latex extraction without
 the months-long storage period for it, which was apparently the standard before that.
 So much more efficient, timely method.
 Now the next step is to partner with chemists.
 They call flocculant chemists to refine the Guayule extraction process further.
 Ohio State's planning to build a full-scale latex processing plant on their Wooster campus.
 I'm kind of curious what fascinates you about this particular article.
 This seems so out of your normal lane.
 Dandelions, latex.
 It's a significant step, I think.
 Because you have to grow these rubber trees in these jungles.
 And now you could just throw these dandelion seeds, you know, actually just blow on the dandelion
 and fly away.
 And then you could just have this farming dandelions and then produce tires or whatever you need for
 rubber and their high-quality latex.
 So it's kind of like the fascination of being able to grow your own alcohol fuel or something.
 You could farm your industrial building products.
 Instead of having to grow them in jungles or near the equator, you could grow them in any
 state in California.
 The Wooster campus in Ohio.
 It will stay.
 Yeah, exactly.
 Yeah, it's much more readily available supply, especially since the resilience of the global
 supply chain is so wobbly right now.
 The potential collapse of economies due to a shortage of natural rubber is profound.
 I see.
 So we're going to have to stop exploiting nature and actually work with nature if we want to
 continue creating stuff.
 Well, it's all working with nature, but it's working with nature and I'm going to more
 refined way in a way that's not as difficult or detrimental.
 Like not using all the rubber from all the rubber trees.
 Right. Or growing giant rubber plantations or having to do that.
 Oh, he has a big dandelion plantation.
 I think it's more what we're talking about here.
 Okay.
 Yeah.
 Like, yes, they grow faster.
 As opposed to rubber plants.
 Yeah, yeah. A lot of things happen with dandelions that don't happen with rubber plants.
 Let's make a wish.
 Yeah.
 Yeah.
 Yeah.
 Make a wish and get new tires.
 They grow your own.
 Now, this seems to be happening quite often.
 A repurposing of an old drug that has new effects.
 Now, I think the AIs are playing a big role in finding new purpose to old drugs.
 In this case, it's the repurposing of a cancer drug that caused a complete reversal of cognitive
 decline in mice.
 And that's amazing.
 Wow.
 Yeah. Dr. Gress found that a small dose of a chemotherapy drug called PAC Litaxil
 might be capable of repairing injuries caused by the pathology of Alzheimer's.
 Very, very interesting.
 A small dose of a chemotherapy drug PAC Litaxil, P-A-C-L-I-T-A-X-E-L,
 the trauma of treatment.
 I guess when we start talking about Alzheimer's, it makes me feel a little...
 I don't know what to say.
 I don't.
 Oh, yeah.
 I don't really know what to say.
 I don't know how to comment on pharma insights into potential age-related diseases.
 To me, it's too many abstractions away from what I understand about life.
 I think we could go back to the mushrooms.
 Yeah.
 It is some way of like there.
 Yeah.
 Go ahead, Bobby.
 I think what we're trying to do is revitalize or grow neurogenesis, grow new cells in the brain.
 Mm-hmm.
 I think if this chemotherapy drug can help along with that,
 I just think about people that have TBI's traumatic brain injury.
 It would be nice to have some drug that immediately repaired the damage that's happening in
 someone's brain, which happens in not just the time of injury, but progresses over time.
 Well, and imagine when people start getting their hyperlinks,
 they're going to have to repair all the damage of trying to insert some new technology to
 have direct access to the AI of data bank.
 Yeah.
 [laughs]
 I think if we're talking about neurogenesis being able to grow new brain cells,
 we're going to have a bigger experiment going on because people want their brains not just
 to regenerate, but to expand, to have more capacity.
 That's one of the big things about the future is not just thinking better as you get older,
 but actually allowing your brain to receive more inputs.
 I think what's happening is the diet of Americans where what's created is these amyloid
 proteins that there's no way to actually clean them out of your brain as you get older.
 And when they collect out the lymph system of the brain has to flush them out,
 but when it slows down and it can't clean them out, it gets clogged up and you start losing brain
 cells that way. So I think anything that can actually revitalize your brain cells,
 so they're functioning correctly and at their best and have enough energy,
 which goes back to the mitochondria in these cells, anything that can improve that, I think
 would be very helpful. I wish I had known about a lot of these drugs when my mother had Alzheimer's,
 but better late than never. I bet you find it before you might deal with it.
 Exactly. For example, right? Yeah. Any of us that are still able to think about these things?
 Yeah, our peer group is definitely becoming the test subject for this particular research.
 I know, I get to see. Well, which friend should benefit from this?
 There's an information. Got any friend? Well, here's one.
 You have Alzheimer's? This one actually. Gabriel had sent me in this other piece on Alzheimer's
 today, which was all about how your personality affects your dementia. The connection between
 personality and dementia. What do we need to know about that? According to the World Health
 Organization, 55 million people suffer from dementia. That's a general term, anything that
 affects your memory and cognition in the later stages of life. People who have been diagnosed with it,
 the disease that they have in common, people have been scratching their heads because dementia is
 complex and it causes are multifaceted and it's not easy to have a direct causal relationship
 regarding dementia. So it's been confusing. However, analyzing the data today, we're starting to get
 some interesting patterns. Some of the patterns that have been extracted is that there is a strong
 link between a person's personality traits and not just the risk of getting dementia, but also
 their resilience to dealing with it once they have it. Whether personality is linked to dementia,
 they studied five personality traits. Openness to new experiences. Some people are more open
 than others to experience conscientiousness or that's when you're a hardworking person or
 your goal oriented. Another personality trait is extraversion. You all know what that is. Another
 is agreeableness. How agreeable are you to others? And another is neuroticism. How neurotic are you?
 You know, we use these terms all the time. Yeah, you don't really think of people studying neuroticism.
 You think of people either just being that way or dealing with people who are that way.
 But how does studying these qualities reveal the issue? Well, this team assessed people's
 subjective well-being as well. Their life satisfaction, how often they experience positive and negative
 emotions. And they did lots of surveys over time to get an idea of a participant's personality.
 The team found that high scores on negative personality traits like neuroticism and low scores
 on positive traits like conscientiousness and extraversion were associated with a higher risk of
 receiving a dementia diagnosis. First of all, these studies are self-disclosure.
 No, now these are part of a study done by researchers who published in The Alzheimer's
 and Dementia, the Journal of Alzheimer's Association. Okay, 44,000 participants.
 Did you take away from the description of these studies that individuals were asked to rate
 themselves on these qualities and that the people who rated themselves as extroverted and neurotic?
 No, they didn't rate themselves. I believe that they were rated by scientists.
 The scientists in the study investigated the big five personality traits. So I think they assessed
 it. And so they said that the most likely to have Alzheimer's are introverted and neurotic.
 Is that right? Neurotic and negative emotional, he oriented. Oh, okay. So sort of your typical
 paranoid person. That would be more likely to have dementia. High scores on negative personality
 traits. What's more, they weren't small changes. Like a 10% increase in conscientiousness, for example,
 was associated with 15 times lower odds of getting dementia. Oh, interesting. So if you're
 living ethically and if you're showing up and doing what you say you're going to do and if people
 can count on you, you're less likely to have dementia. But if you're a flake-azoid who
 says one thing and does another, then you're more likely to have dementia. Well, that makes sense.
 Have habits where you forget what you tell people. A pretty substantial difference. According to
 Dr. Emery Beck, one of the lead authors of the study assistant professor of psychology at the
 University of California, Davis. So it sounds like the trust that people have in people who
 are paranoid abusers of power, we should be very careful that these people are more likely to have
 dementia. More likely, yes. Yeah, be careful. They kind of expected these kind of results,
 having a positive personality is usually associated with a healthier lifestyle or being more educated
 and less lonely and less stressed, all of which are mediators of dementia. Loneliness, stressing,
 less healthy lifestyle. All right. Well, it sounds like the more trauma and PTSD in your life,
 the more you retreat from it by losing your mental faculties, whether it's physical or mental or
 combination, stress just takes your ability to deal with it out. Now, there was a surprise hidden in
 the data. And when they were performing autopsies on the brains of participants later. Oh, those poor
 people. Well, it's a diet, I assume. Yeah. And they had characteristic signs of dementia. Plaques,
 as Bobby was saying earlier, brain cells, plaques in the brain, had no association with personality
 traits. In other words, personality seem to be able to protect a person from exhibiting symptoms
 of dementia, even where the pathology was present in the brain. So I guess you can have plaque and
 be positive and you would not experience the plaque problem. So let me again just decode. So they
 did autopsies on people who were considered to be either suffering with dementia or
 compared with people who were not suffering from dementia. And they found that both of them had
 plaque in the brains, but the more positive people weren't exhibiting the signs of it.
 Not exhibiting the signs of dementia, even when the pathology was present.
 Right. Even when they're... And so that that fosters the idea that positive traits might make the brain
 more resilient to the disease itself. And that maybe there's more to it than just the physiological
 dimension that maybe the brain is actually forming those plaques based on the thoughts that you're
 having. How is it that two people with seemingly the same damage could have completely different
 symptomology and main difference was their personalities. They're not exactly sure how that works.
 It's a bit of a puzzle. They're trying to unpack. I guess they need more understanding of the
 psychology of it. All right. So it sounds like you better think positive or you're going to lose
 your ability to remember your thoughts. Yeah. And now if you're feeling neurotic.
 So now, yeah, right now, if you're feeling extra neurotic because of the fact that you're
 neurotic and you're conscious that if you're neurotic, you're going to more likely get
 Alzheimer's. Don't fret. So you think I shouldn't worry about my frequent memory lapses where I'm
 just poorly informed? Yes, poorly informed, poorly informed. Yeah, I don't mind being a little Emily
 Dickinson, now, Emily Post. I was going to say Emily Latella. Latella. That the right name of Gilda
 Radner's character. No, no, yeah, that's right. I know that character. Yeah, but I know it. Did I
 remember her name properly? I have no idea. I think it is. I think it was Emily Latella. She points
 out that personalities change over time. There's people age they tend to become less neurotic and
 more conscientious. That's the good news. That kind of makes sense. You have chaotic rule breaking,
 youth and slowly things calm down and become more orderly as life slots into place. Oh, good.
 I'm sure my family's going to be relieved to hear that. You're still no doubt. Still, some people
 maintain some negative aspects all the way through life and anyone can be hit by bouts of
 negativity, but become more conscientious and positive. You can build good habits and routines
 that will keep you healthy. Well, it sounds like if people would just learn to smile. There are
 people who are very concerned and have serious issues that they feel like they have to be responsible
 for, but to the degree that that seriousness becomes lacking in humor. Maybe that's where it
 goes over the edge. Oh, that's a good theory. We've got to do a study on humor that and
 health, right? Yeah. The inability to laugh and smile is actually the cause of mental decline.
 That's my theory. I'm sticking to it. Too much seriousness is a disease. It is the disease. That's
 right. By any other name. Well, there's evidence that if you are neurotic and there's
 evidence that getting some therapy can decrease those behaviors and improve your health.
 What kind of therapy? Well, I guess depends on the person. You know, some
 I know, suppress pain and emotion are stored in the musculature. So even maybe raw fish. Yeah,
 might make a difference. Okay. I would surrender to these therapies. No problem.
 So the scientists in this study say that if you want to get towards some more positive
 lifestyle and mental state, start small. They suggest take 10 minute walks after your coffee in the
 morning. And as they said that alone, it would create enough of a big change to start building a
 more conscientious life. Okay, I like it. Positive steps in the right direction. Positive steps.
 So I want to do more about dementia. No, no, that's enough. That's enough for dementia. Let's
 bother us something to say on here. There's a lot of studies that come out of Arizona where they
 take the brains of people that have Alzheimer's and compare them to they have to sign up for this
 before they die that they're going to donate their brains to science. Right. And a lot of the studies
 about methylene blue came out of this study. They were looking at people that took methylene
 blue that didn't and looked at their brains afterwards. And yeah, they were looking for those
 tout angles and beta amyloids that were in the brain. And they found out that you have methylene
 blue definitely had an effect on those people and prevented them from getting severe dementia
 in that respect. So that's where this ergotylene is very exciting because it works on the same
 mechanism as methylene blue on the mitochondria in the one, two, three on the fourth phase before
 it turns into ATP. And back to the mushroom thing. Yeah. And it's back to the mushroom thing. Yeah.
 So it's just giving energy to these neurons. And inside of every neuron, there are maybe a thousand
 mitochondria. And each one of them produce a little bit of energy to get that neuron to work.
 Yeah. To fuck her off. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. See him. That's interesting. Hey,
 if you want to say goodbye to our audience, we're about to sign off the air here. Oh, is she?
 Yeah. She's here. We cycle back to mushrooms and Gabriel shows back up again.
 Oh, hi. It's so good to be back. All right. Thank you so much, doctor. And this is future.
 It's always a pleasure. I've been with you for three weeks. We've lived a lot of
 three days. I love you so much. Thank you so much. Your warmth and your kindness and your love
 for more than half my life now have just really created such a beautiful reality for me. This kind
 of dream existence that I've always wanted. So I just want to let your whole family know we love
 you to pieces and we love them with you. And we can't help it that we have so much fun together.
 And they're all welcome to join. We always have fun. I have all your listeners understand that
 every time Dr. and Mrs. Future and I are together, magic happens. And we don't even ask for it,
 do we? It's just, yeah. Just as the way we made. We've never had a bad time ever. It's always
 good, which I can't say that about all of my friends and family. That's for sure. So, yes,
 thank you so much for being such a beautiful presence in my life consistently over these years.
 Oh, thank you for being such an awesome friend. Which I'd like to give a shout out to Nick Herbert,
 our friend. I don't. To Nick. Right. Yeah, we're a long shout out to Nick. It has been for him.
 You wouldn't know you. No, yeah. Thank you, Nick. Yes. And thank you, Jim. Jim Clancy. Yes.
 Back in New Jersey. Yeah. And on, on's hat. Yeah. Jim, Jim brought a book home 25 years ago
 called Quantum Reality that Dr. Nick Herbert wrote. That's right. That's right. And Jim left it in
 the bathroom where I know you just get rid of nearly the result of a bathroom. Right. Ready.
 The next thing we know, you know, the rest is history. Yeah, right. Here we are now.
 Okay. Well, the last minute, I've got a couple of new exit songs that were come from Greg Panos
 to send us up to us. We're going to show that. Oh, thank you, Greg. Yeah. You're going to play that.
 Greg plus the AI. Right. Let's see what they sound like. This is a pure AI. Thanks, Gabby again.
 I love you. Thank you. Love you. All right. Thanks, Bobby. Come on, man. And here we go.
 Tune into the doctor future show for a weekly fix. Information so exciting and new. It gives you
 kicks. Internet radio featuring Dr. future Alan Mundell and his partner in Mindsun Marian tells
 it so well. They discuss the latest in space and virtual reality exciting us with science,
 breakthroughs and schism, artificial intelligence and techno-spiritualism. Amazing guests calling
 from outer space, synchronizing our brains with their interface. That was fun. Thanks, Bobby. Thanks.
 Yeah. Thank you. Thank you. Love you all. Bon voyage.
 Thank you.